Functions of Vitamin A on General Metabolism

This function is apparently closely related to protein metabolism.

Epithelial integrity. Vitamin A deficiency occurs on the structure and function of epithelium disorders, especially those from ectoderm. Skin epithelial thickening and hyperkeratosis occurred. The skin showed xerosis (dry) and the lines of skin picture looks clear. At the mouth of hair occurs follicle palpable lumps hard keratin, giving the impression of a bulge like a frog skin soil (toad skin). This condition is also called phrenoderma or hyperkeratosis follicularis. The surface of the skin is often itchy (pruritus).

Epithelial ducts in the body also showed abnormalities, such as respiratory tract tract, urogenital tract and lymph channels. Epithelial columnar and transitional epithelial metaplasia showed changes, becoming epithelial skwamosa. Occur keratin clumps that can become the center of calcification and saw various calculi (limestone).

Growth. Vitamin A deficiency occurs on growth inhibition. Apparently the basis of this growth inhibition of protein synthesis obstructions. These symptoms appear, especially in children (CHILDREN), who were in a period of unprecedented growth. It seems that protein synthesis requires vitamin A, so that the deficiency of this vitamin occurs barriers protein synthesis which in turn inhibits growth. It has been reported that vitamin A deficiency there is decreased synthesis of RNA, while RNA is an important factor in the process of protein synthesis.

Membrane Permeability. Various experiments in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that vitamin A plays a role in regulating the permeability of cell membranes and membranes of cellular suborganel. Through the cell membrane permeability regulation, regulate vitamin A concentration of nutrients in the cells needed for cellular metabolism.

Growth of Dentistry. Ameloblast an email form is strongly influenced by vitamin A. In conditions of deficiency of vitamin A when going to the teeth being formed, place constraints on the function of ameloblast, enamel forming defected and very sensitive to the influence of factors cryogenic.

Rows of cells induce ameloblast-odontoblast cells to make the dentin. Disturbances in the ameloblast disruption also resulted in odontoblast function, so that also formed hard tissue dentin defected and sensitive to attacks Dental caries.

Production of Steroid Hormones. It is well known that Vitamin A plays a role in the synthesis of steroid hormones. There are a number of steroid hormones concerned with the process of pregnancy and regulation of salt balance and body fluids. Various studies and experiments show that the deficiency of Vitamin A blockage in the synthesis of steroid hormones. 

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Functions of Vitamin A In Process Viewing

In the process of seeing, vitamin A plays a role as a retinal (retinen) which is a component of the substance rhodopsin visionaries. Rhodopsin has a part of a protein called opsin that became rhodopsin after joining retine. Rhodopsin is a substance that can receive excitatory light and convert light energy into electrical energy that stimulates bio sense of sight.

Rhodopsin present in the stem of the retinal cells. In the cones of the presence of different protein components similar to the opsin; visionaries subtances contained in the cones is called porphyropsin.

The symptoms of vitamin A deficiency eye on is called xerophthalmia, respectively, consist of xerosis conjunctivae and cornea, namely drought and corneal epithelial eyeball, lachrymal gland due to decreased secretion. Lining of the eyeball visible wrinkles and dull when the eyeball moves.

From the point of the function occurs hemeralopia or nictalopia, which by the laity are called blind dusk or night blindness, the inability to see in dim light. Blind called twilight because it occurs when the late afternoon (dusk) of children entering from the outside (bright light) to the porch (dim light). The morning did not happen because the chicken blind children from the dim light in the house to the outdoors a more powerful light.

Cornea and then the wound because their cells are tender, called keratomalacia, and blindness can provide. In this cornea wound healing, scarring can occur which consist of opaque tissue. This scarring is sometimes prominent white (or reddish), called leucoma (seed cotton). Many of blindness in young adults are caused by vitamin A deficiency of this.

 

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